Which of the following was a goal of Harlan in his dissenting opinions?

Harlan's dissenting opinions, most notably in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, sought to advocate for civil rights and emphasize the principles of equality and justice. He argued vigorously against the "separate but equal" doctrine that upheld racial segregation, asserting that it was inherently in conflict with the Constitution's guarantee of equal protection under the law. Harlan believed that the state-sanctioned segregation was a violation of civil rights and undermined the foundational ideals of the United States, particularly those articulated in the Fourteenth Amendment.

His dissent highlighted the need for true racial equality and social justice, marking him as a forward-thinking jurist for his era. Harlan's commitment to civil rights is evident in his famous quote, where he stated that the Constitution is "color-blind" and should not permit discrimination based on race. This perspective laid the groundwork for later civil rights advancements and is a testament to his vision for a more equitable society.